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Cheesemaking (or caseiculture) is the craft of making cheese. The production of cheese, like many other food preservation processes, allows the nutritional and economic value of a food material, in this case milk, to be preserved in concentrated form. Cheesemaking allows the production of the cheese with diverse flavors and consistencies. [1]
Cheddaring is a unique process in making cheddar cheese that involves stacking "loaves" of curd on top of one another in order to squeeze additional whey out of the loaves below. It is a multi-step process that reduces whey content, adjusts acidity, adds characteristic flavour, and results in a denser and sometimes crumbly texture.
A platter with cheese and garnishes Cheeses in art: Still Life with Cheeses, Almonds and Pretzels, Clara Peeters, c. 1615. Cheese is a type of dairy product produced in a range of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein. It comprises proteins and fat from milk (usually the milk of cows, buffalo, goats or sheep).
In the case of mozzarella, the process is now essentially complete—ideally these cheeses should be eaten within a few days. For other formaggi a pasta filata , such as provolone , caciocavallo silano , pallone di Gravina , burrata , and scamorza , further processing is needed: ageing and, in some cases, brining or smoking .
By Roman times, cheese-making was a common practice and food group. Columella's De Re Rustica (c. 65 CE) details a cheese-making process involving rennet coagulation, pressing of the curd, salting, and aging. Pliny's Natural History (77 CE) devotes two chapters (XI, 96–97) to the diversity of cheeses enjoyed by Romans of the early Empire.
Brined or pickled cheese is matured in a solution of brine in an airtight or semi-permeable container. This process gives the cheese good stability, inhibiting bacterial growth even in hot environments. [54] Brined cheeses may be soft or hard, varying in moisture content, and in color and flavor, according to the type of milk used.
Harding introduced new equipment to the process of cheese-making, including his "revolving breaker" for curd cutting; the revolving breaker saved much manual effort in the cheese-making process. [11] [12] The "Joseph Harding method" was the first modern system for cheddar production based upon scientific principles.
The effect of dairy salt in Cheddar cheese making: increased use of salt reduces moisture and slows the ripening process. [1] Cheese ripening, alternatively cheese maturation or affinage, is a process in cheesemaking. It is responsible for the distinct flavour of cheese, and through the modification of "ripening agents", determines the features ...