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Group B streptococcal infection, also known as Group B streptococcal disease or just Group B strep infection, is the infectious disease caused by the bacterium Streptococcus agalactiae. Streptococcus agalactiae is the most common human pathogen belonging to group B of the Lancefield classification of streptococci —hence the name of group B ...
Streptococcus agalactiae (also known as group B streptococcus or GBS) is a gram-positive coccus (round bacterium) with a tendency to form chains (as reflected by the genus name Streptococcus). It is a beta- hemolytic , catalase -negative, and facultative anaerobe .
To reduce neonatal infection, screening of pregnant women for HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis, is available in the UK and the United States. [37] [38] Treatment with a vaginal antibiotic wash prior to birth does not prevent infection with group B streptococcus bacteria (GBS).
Those meeting these criteria likely do not require a lumbar puncture, and are felt to be safe for discharge home without antibiotic treatment, or with a single dose of intramuscular antibiotics, but will still require close outpatient follow-up. [citation needed] One risk for Group B streptococcal infection (GBS) is preterm rupture of membranes ...
It may also be used during pregnancy to prevent Group B streptococcal infection in the newborn, [1] and to improve delayed stomach emptying. [3] It can be given intravenously and by mouth. [1] An eye ointment is routinely recommended after delivery to prevent eye infections in the newborn. [4]
Its use during pregnancy is contraindicated, although it has been placed in Australian pregnancy category C. [13] Its use during the first trimester (during organogenesis) and 12 weeks prior to pregnancy has been associated with an increased risk of congenital malformations, especially malformations associated with maternal folic acid ...
The routine administration of antibiotics to all women with threatened preterm labor reduces the risk of the baby being infected with group B streptococcus and has been shown to reduce related mortality rates. [132] When membranes rupture prematurely, obstetrical management looks for development of labor and signs of infection.
Antibiotics have been used to prevent and treat these infections—however, the misuse of antibiotics is a serious problem for global health. [2] It is recommended that guidelines be followed that outline when it is appropriate to give antibiotics and which antibiotics are most effective.