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Fiji [n 1] (/ ˈ f iː dʒ i / ⓘ FEE-jee, / f iː ˈ dʒ iː / fee-JEE; [11] Fijian: Viti, ; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी, Fijī), officially the Republic of Fiji, [n 2] is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about 1,100 nautical miles (2,000 km; 1,300 mi) north-northeast of New Zealand.
Europeans visited Fiji from the 17th century, [2] and, after a brief period as an independent kingdom, the British established the Colony of Fiji in 1874. Fiji was a Crown colony until 1970, when it gained independence as the Dominion of Fiji. A republic was declared in 1987, following a series of coups d'état.
t. e. The politics of Fiji take place within the framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic. Fiji has a multiparty system with the Prime Minister of Fiji as head of government. The executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Parliament of Fiji.
The Queen declared the Governor-General was the "sole legitimate source of the executive authority in Fiji" and expressed hope for "the process of restoring Fiji to constitutional normality." [9] Regardless, one week later, Rabuka abolished the monarchy, made Fiji a republic, and declared himself the head of state.
Fiji's fourth constitution, the 2013 Constitution of Fiji, was signed into law by President Ratu Epeli Nailatikau on 6 September 2013, coming into effect immediately. [1] [2] It is the first to eliminate race-based electoral rolls, race-based seat quotas, district-based representation, the unelected upper chamber, and the role of the hereditary Council of Chiefs.
The Republic of the Fiji Islands and the Republic of Korea established official diplomatic relations in 1970, when Fiji became independent. [55] There is a South Korean embassy in Suva [ 56 ] and a Fijian embassy in Seoul . [ 57 ]
Currently, the head of state of Fiji is the president of the republic, appointed by the Parliament for a three-year term under the terms of the Constitution of 2013. [ 1 ] The current president is Ratu Wiliame Katonivere. He was elected on 22 October 2021, [ 2 ] and sworn in on 12 November 2021. [ 3 ]
History of Fiji. Since attaining independence from the United Kingdom on 10 October 1970, Fijian history has been marked by exponential economic growth up to 1987, followed by relative stagnation, caused to a large extent by political instability following two military coups in 1987 and a civilian putsch in 2000.