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Melanocytes are melanin -producing neural crest -derived [3] cells located in the bottom layer (the stratum basale) of the skin's epidermis, the middle layer of the eye (the uvea), [4] the inner ear, [5] vaginal epithelium, [6] meninges, [7] bones, [8] and heart found in many mammals and birds. [9] Melanin is a dark pigment primarily ...
Melanin (/ ˈmɛlənɪn / ⓘ; from Ancient Greek μέλας (mélas) 'black, dark') is a family of biomolecules organized as oligomers or polymers, which among other functions provide the pigments of many organisms. [1] Melanin pigments are produced in a specialized group of cells known as melanocytes.
Adrenal medulla / Tyrosine. noradrenergic receptor. nearly all tissues. increases both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glycogenolysis, lipolysis increases metabolism, etc. 4. Triiodothyronine. T 3. Amino acid derivative. peripheral tissue of thyroid gland.
The central melanocortin system is defined anatomically as a collection of central nervous system circuits which include: Neurons that express hypothalamic neuropeptide Y and agouti gene-related protein or proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and that originate in the arcuate nucleus. Brainstem POMC neurons originating in the commissural nucleus of the ...
InterPro. Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), also known as pro-melanin stimulating hormone (PMCH), is a cyclic 19- amino acid orexigenic hypothalamic peptide originally isolated from the pituitary gland of teleost fish, where it controls skin pigmentation. [1] In mammals it is involved in the regulation of feeding behavior, mood, sleep-wake ...
MC1R is expressed on melanocytes, macrophages, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, monocytes and numerous other immune cells, but is also present in brain, testis, and intestine. [8] Its main functions are in melanogenesis and anti-inflammatory signaling. [9]
The human brain has many properties that are common to all vertebrate brains. [256] Many of its features are common to all mammalian brains, [257] most notably a six-layered cerebral cortex and a set of associated structures, [258] including the hippocampus and amygdala. [259] The cortex is proportionally larger in humans than in many other ...
The melanocyte-stimulating hormones, known collectively as MSH, also known as melanotropins or intermedins, are a family of peptide hormones and neuropeptides consisting of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (β-MSH), and γ-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (γ-MSH) that are produced by cells in the pars intermedia of the anterior lobe of the pituitary ...