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The origin of Oryza sativa rice domestication has been a subject of much debate among those who study crop history and anthropology – whether rice originated in India or China. [40] [41] Asian rice, Oryza sativa, is one of oldest crop species. It has tens of thousands of varieties and two major subspecies, japonica and indica.
Rice production by country (2019) This is a list of countries by rice production in 2022 based on the Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database. The total world rice production for 2022 was 776,461,457 [1] metric tonnes. In 1961, the total world production was 216 million tonnes.
Rice production in India is an important part of the economy of India. [1] Dry paddy fields in South India Mature rice, Thrissur, Kerala. India is the world's second-largest producer of rice, and the largest exporter of rice in the world. [2] Production increased from 53.6 million tons in FY 1980 [1] to 120 million tons in FY2020-21. [3] Paddy ...
Rice was cultivated in the Indus Valley civilisation. [36] Agricultural activity during the second millennium BC included rice cultivation in the Kashmir and Harrappan regions. [35] Mixed farming was the basis of the Indus valley economy. [36] Denis J. Murphy (2007) details the spread of cultivated rice from India into South-east Asia: [37]
In 2021, world production of rice was 787 million tonnes, led by China and India with a combined 52% of the total. [34] This placed rice fourth in the list of crops by production, after sugarcane, maize, and wheat. [35] Other major producers were Bangladesh, Indonesia and Vietnam. [35] 90% of world production is from Asia. [36]
The technology was also acquired by other cultures in mainland Asia for rice farming, spreading to East Asia, Mainland Southeast Asia, and South Asia. Fields can be built into steep hillsides as terraces or adjacent to depressed or steeply sloped features such as rivers or marshes. They require a great deal of labor and materials to create and ...
Deepwater rice is a staple food grown on roughly 90,000 km 2 (35,000 sq mi) of land. The main areas where it is grown are in Southeast Asia including Northeastern India, where more than 100 million people rely on its production for their livelihood. [2]
The following is a list of countries by paddy rice exports. Data is for 2022 as reported in Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database . [ 1 ] Rice is one of the biggest crops in the international grain trade , alongside other crops like wheat , maize (corn) and soybean .