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In the 19th century, starting with the Occupation of Algeria in 1830, France began to establish a new empire in Africa and Southeast Asia. The following is a list of all countries that were part of the French colonial empires from 1534; 491 years ago () to the present, either entirely or in part, either under French sovereignty or as mandate.
The European countries which had the most colonies throughout history were: United Kingdom (130), France (90), Portugal (52), ...
Most of these originally settled in the Cape Colony, but have since been quickly absorbed into the Afrikaner population. After Champlain's founding of Quebec City in 1608, it became the capital of New France. Encouraging settlement was difficult, and while some immigration did occur, by 1763 New France only had a population of some 65,000.
Equinoctial France was the contemporary name given to the colonization efforts of France in the 17th century in South America, around the line of Equator, before "tropical" had fully gained its modern meaning: Equinoctial means in Latin "of equal nights", i.e., on the Equator, where the duration of days and nights is nearly the same year round.
This is a list of territories and polities that have been considered colonies. ... (condominium with France) Pitcairn Islands; ... European colonization of the Americas;
Egypt (ownership 1798–1801; Condominium of France and the United Kingdom 1876–1882) [2] The Foureau-Lamy military expedition sent out from Algiers in 1898 to conquer the Chad Basin and unify all French territories in West Africa. French West Africa. Ivory Coast (1843–1960) Dahomey or French Dahomey (now Benin) (1883–1960)
The two main countries in the first wave of European colonialism were Portugal and Spain. [3] The Portuguese started the long age of European colonization with the conquest of Ceuta, Morocco in 1415, and the conquest and discovery of other African territories and islands, this would also start the movement known as the Age of Discoveries.
Countries listed are those where French sovereignty applied effectively. Areas that were only claimed, but not effectively controlled (such as Manhattan or Western Australia) are not listed. N.B. "1st" means the country/territory was part of the first French colonial empire. (pre 1814/1815)