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2. Free body diagram - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_body_diagram

   In physics and engineering, a free body diagram (FBD; also called a force diagram) [1] is a graphical illustration used to visualize the applied forces, moments, and resulting reactions on a free body in a given condition. It depicts a body or connected bodies with all the applied forces and moments, and reactions, which act on the body(ies).

3. Friction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friction

   The coefficient of friction (COF), often symbolized by the Greek letter μ, is a dimensionless scalar value which equals the ratio of the force of friction between two bodies and the force pressing them together, either during or at the onset of slipping. The coefficient of friction depends on the materials used; for example, ice on steel has a ...

4. Rayleigh dissipation function - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayleigh_dissipation_function

   This function represents half of the rate of energy dissipation of the system through friction. The force of friction is negative the velocity gradient of the dissipation function, F → f = − ∇ v R ( v ) {\displaystyle {\vec {F}}_{f}=-\nabla _{v}R(v)} , analogous to a force being equal to the negative position gradient of a potential.

5. Newton's laws of motion - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_laws_of_motion

   For example, a free body diagram of a block sitting upon an inclined plane can illustrate the combination of gravitational force, "normal" force, friction, and string tension. [note 4] Newton's second law is sometimes presented as a definition of force, i.e., a force is that which exists when an inertial observer sees a body accelerating.

6. Newtonian fluid - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newtonian_fluid

   There is general formula for friction force in a liquid: The vector differential of friction force is equal the viscosity tensor increased on vector product differential of the area vector of adjoining a liquid layers and rotor of velocity: = where is the viscosity tensor.

7. Stokes' law - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stokes'_law

   Creeping flow past a falling sphere in a fluid (e.g., a droplet of fog falling through the air): streamlines, drag force F d and force by gravity F g. At terminal (or settling) velocity , the excess force F e due to the difference between the weight and buoyancy of the sphere (both caused by gravity [ 7 ] ) is given by: