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The mule is a domestic equine hybrid between a donkey and a horse.It is the offspring of a male donkey (a jack) and a female horse (a mare). [1] [2] The horse and the donkey are different species, with different numbers of chromosomes; of the two possible first-generation hybrids between them, the mule is easier to obtain and more common than the hinny, which is the offspring of a male horse ...
During the first half of the twentieth century, the mules bred by the Poitou and the Poitevin continued to be desired throughout Europe, and were called the "finest working mule in the world". [4] Purchasers paid higher prices for Poitevin mules than for others, and up to 30,000 were bred annually in Poitou, [ 4 ] with some estimates putting ...
The first shipment of mules, with three jacks and twelve jennies, arrived in México via Cuba ten years after the conquest of the Aztecs in 1521. Mules were used in silver mines, and each Spanish outpost across the empire bred its own mules with its own jack. [5]
In sheep farming, the term mule is used to refer to a cross between a Bluefaced Leicester ram and a purebred hill (or mountain) ewe (usually a Swaledale sheep) . [ 1 ] The production of such mule ewes is a widely used breeding management system which offers several advantages to the farmer.
By the 1990s the Poitevin Mulassier was critically endangered, and mares were mostly put to Mulassier stallions in order to increase breed numbers. Approximately twenty Poitevin mules are born each year. [1] In 2017 there were 195 active Mulassier brood-mares. Of these, about 25% were covered by Baudet jacks; 26 mule foals were born. [5]
A Heck Horse, bred to resemble the now-extinct Tarpan. How and when horses became domesticated has been disputed. Although horses appeared in Paleolithic cave art as early as 30,000 BC, these were wild horses and were probably hunted for meat.
The Martina Franca donkey was in the past used as a beast of burden and as a light draught animal, but its principal use was in the production of mules, particularly when crossed with the Murgese horse to produce the well-known mulo martinese, or "mule of Martina Franca", which was exported throughout Italy and much used in the First World War.
Geldings and stallions only were used. Donkeys were also used in the late 19th century, and in the United States, large numbers of mules were used. [6] Regardless of breed, typical mining ponies were low set, heavy bodied and heavy limbed with plenty of bone and substance, low-headed and sure-footed. Under the British Coal Mines Act 1911 (1 & 2 ...