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The pupil is a hole located in the center of the iris of the eye that allows light to strike the retina. [1] It appears black because light rays entering the pupil are either absorbed by the tissues inside the eye directly, or absorbed after diffuse reflections within the eye that mostly miss exiting the narrow pupil.
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The vestibulo-ocular reflex is a reflex eye movement that stabilizes images on the retina during head movement by producing an eye movement in the direction opposite to head movement in response to neural input from the vestibular system of the inner ear, thus maintaining the image in the centre of the visual field. For example, when the head ...
The apparent location of the anatomical pupil of a human eye (black circle) is the eye's entrance pupil location. The outside world appears to be seen from the point at the center of the entrance pupil. The anatomical pupil itself is slightly different from the entrance pupil because the image is magnified by the cornea.
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The iris (pl.: irides or irises) is a thin, annular structure in the eye in most mammals and birds that is responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupil, and thus the amount of light reaching the retina. In optical terms, the pupil is the eye's aperture, while the iris is the diaphragm. Eye color is defined by the iris.
To be considered true polycoria the extra pupil and the principal pupil must dilate and contract simultaneously with triggers such as light and administered drugs. [8] The extraneous pupil is c. 2.5mm away from the principal pupil. In cases of true polycoria there is an intact sphincter muscle, which contracts and dilates the pupils. [7]