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The Samanid Empire (Persian: سامانیان, romanized: Sāmāniyān) [a] was a Persianate Sunni Muslim empire, ruled by a dynasty of Iranian dehqan origin. The empire was centred in Khorasan and Transoxiana , at its greatest extent encompassing northeastern Iran and Central Asia , from 819 to 999.
The Samanid dynasty (Persian: سلسلهٔ سامانیان), also known as the Samanid Empire or simply Samanids (819–999), [15] (Persian: سامانیان Sāmāniyān) were an Iranian empire [16] in Central Asia and Greater Khorasan, named after its founder Saman Khuda who converted to Sunni Islam [17] despite being from Zoroastrian theocratic nobility.
The Samanid dynasty led the revival of Persian culture and the first important Persian poet after the arrival of Islam, Rudaki, was born during this era and was praised by Samanid kings. The Samanids also revived many ancient Persian festivals.
The Samanid Civil War of 888 was a conflict between the Samanid brothers, Nasr I, ruler of Samarkand and amir of all of the Samanid territories, and Ismail I, who was ruler of Bukhara and Khwarazm. The war took place three years after the Samanid Civil War of 885, which ended with a status quo ante bellum .
Ismail was born in Farghana in 849—he was the son of Ahmad ibn Asad, and had a brother named Nasr I, who ascended the Samanid throne in 864/5.During Nasr's reign, Ismail was sent to take control of Bukhara, which had been devastated by looting on the part of forces from Khwarezm.
The Buyids came to dominate much of Iran, a development that culminated in 945 with the capture of Baghdad and domination of the caliph himself. [137] The Buyid dynasty claimed descent from the Sasanian king Bahram V (420–438), [146] almost certainly a forgery. [154] Individual Buyid rulers were styled as amir.
• Iran • Afghanistan • Azerbaijan • Pakistan • Tajikistan • Iraq • Syria: 1501–1736 16 Samanid Dynasty: 2.85m² Km • Afghanistan • Iran • Kazakhstan • Kyrgyzstan • Pakistan • Tajikistan • Turkmenistan • Uzbekistan. 819–999 17 Saffarid Dynasty: 2.85m² Km • Afghanistan • Pakistan • Iran • Tajikistan
Alid dynasties of northern Iran; Samanid Empire; Shirvanshah; Buyid dynasty; Sallarid dynasty • Khazars (from 965) Burtas; Alans • Byzantine Empire (941) Sarir. Volga Bulgaria Kievan Rus' Oghuz Turks. Pechenegs • Khazars (until 943) Stalemate: Occupation of several areas on the outskirts of the Volga and the Dnieper by the Russians.