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Map of Sikkim, 1898. Under the 1861 Treaty of Tumlong, Sikkim became a British protectorate, then an Indian protectorate in 1950. [13] Thutob Namgyal, the 9th Chogyal of Sikkim, looked to the Dalai Lama for spiritual leadership and during his reign the Tibetan government started to regain political influence over Sikkim.
In the same year, the signature of the Treaty of Tumlong effectively made Sikkim a de facto protectorate of the British. [26] Alongside "British Sikkim", "Independent Sikkim" continued to exist as a rump state centred around the capital at Gangtok ruling over 2,500 square miles (6,500 km 2) of territory.
Sikkim became a British protectorate in the later decades of the 19th century, formalised by a convention signed with China in 1890. [32] [33] [34] Sikkim was gradually granted more sovereignty over the next three decades, [35] and became a member of the Chamber of Princes, the assembly representing the rulers of the Indian princely states, in ...
The last British protectorate proper was the British Solomon Islands, now Solomon Islands, ... Kingdom of Sikkim (1861–1947) [11] Manipur Kingdom (1826–1891) [12]
The Treaty of Tumlong was a March 1861 treaty between the British Empire and the Kingdom of Sikkim in present-day north-east India. Signed by Sir Ashley Eden on behalf of the British and by the Sikkimese Chogyal, Sidkeong Namgyal when his father Tsugphud Namgyal refused to return from Tibet, the treaty secured protection for travellers to Sikkim and guaranteed free trade, thereby making the ...
Treaty of Titalia in 1817 between Sikkim and British India was signed in which territories lost to Nepal were appropriated to Sikkim. Darjeeling was gifted to British India in 1835. Two Britons, Dr. Campbell and Dr. Hooker were captured by the Sikkimese in 1849. Hostilities between Britain and Sikkim continued and led to the Treaty of Tumlong ...
Sikkim had been a protectorate of India during the British colonial rule since the 19th century. The arrangement was continued after India's independence through a treaty in 1950, by which India assumed responsibility for communications, defence and foreign affairs, as well as the "territorial integrity" of Sikkim.
The treaty, which was negotiated by Captain Barre Latter in February 1817, guaranteed security of Sikkim by the British and returned Sikkimese land annexed by the Nepalese over the centuries. It followed the Anglo-Nepalese War, 1814–1816. In return, the British were given trading rights and rights of passage up to the Tibet frontier.