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In humans, the vitamin D receptor is encoded by the VDR gene located on chromosome 12q13.11. [7] VDR is expressed in most tissues of the body, and regulates transcription of genes involved in intestinal and renal transport of calcium and other minerals. [8] Glucocorticoids decrease VDR expression. [8] Many types of immune cells also express VDR ...
Nutritional genomics, also known as nutrigenomics, is a science studying the relationship between human genome, human nutrition and health. People in the field work toward developing an understanding of how the whole body responds to a food via systems biology, as well as single gene/single food compound relationships.
The VDR/RXR complex subsequently binds to vitamin D response elements (VDRE) which are specific DNA sequences adjacent to genes, numbers estimated as being in the thousands. The VDR/RXR/DNA complex recruits other proteins that transcribe the downstream gene into mRNA which in turn is translated into protein causing a change in cell function. [3 ...
The second report from National Academies of Sciences, entitled "Redesigning the Process for Establishing the Dietary Guidelines for Americans", offers an exhaustive review and provides recommendations for improving the process of revising the Dietary Guidelines so as to best identify, analyze, and present the scientific evidence. [30]
The overall findings of the report were that people can reduce their risk of cancer by eating healthily, being regularly physically active and maintaining a healthy weight. The report’s findings on the links between body fat and cancer were stronger than previously thought. [1] The Panel’s 10 recommendations for cancer prevention are:
Nutritional epigenetics is a science that studies the effects of nutrition on gene expression and chromatin accessibility. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is a subcategory of nutritional genomics that focuses on the effects of bioactive food components on epigenetic events.