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Spina bifida (SB; / ˈ s p aɪ n ə ˈ b ɪ f ɪ d ə /; [9] Latin for 'split spine') [10] is a birth defect in which there is incomplete closing of the spine and the membranes around the spinal cord during early development in pregnancy. [1] There are three main types: spina bifida occulta, meningocele and myelomeningocele. [1]
For example, studies show that a detailed 2nd-trimester ultrasound, also called a level 2 ultrasound, can detect about 97% of neural tube defects such as spina bifida [citation needed]. Ultrasound results may also show "soft signs," such as an Echogenic intracardiac focus or a Choroid plexus cyst, which are usually normal, but can be associated ...
English: An ultrasound visualisation of the spine of a foetus at 21 weeks of pregnancy. The foetus is affected by open spina bifida (spina bifida cystica). In the centre of this longitudinal scan a lumbar myelomeningocele appears as dome shaped structure attached to the lumbar region of the foetal spine. The foetus is facing downwards.
1 Ultrasound scan of fetal open spina bifida. Toggle the table of contents. Wikipedia: Featured picture candidates/Ultrasound of fetal spina bifida. Add languages.
For example, a lack of folic acid, a B vitamin, in the diet of a mother can cause cellular neural tube deformities that result in spina bifida. Congenital disorders such as a neural tube deformity can be prevented by 72% if the mother consumes 4 mg of folic acid before the conception and after twelve weeks of pregnancy. [ 70 ]
Spina bifida occulta means hidden split spine. [20] In this type of neural tube defect, the meninges do not herniate through the opening in the spinal canal. [19] The most frequently seen form of spina bifida occulta is when parts of the bones of the spine, called the spinous process, and the neural arch appear abnormal on a radiogram, without ...
Prenatal repair of spina bifida is available in specialty centers. Fetuses treated with prenatal fetal repair have significantly improved outcomes compared to children whose defects are repaired shortly after birth. [6] Specifically, fetal repair reduces the rate of hydrocephalus, ventriculoperitoneal shunt dependence, and Chiari malformation ...
Congenital vertebral anomalies are a collection of malformations of the spine.Most, around 85%, are not clinically significant, but they can cause compression of the spinal cord by deforming the vertebral canal or causing instability.