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An expansion joint is designed to allow deflection in the axial (compressive), lateral (shear), or angular (bending) deflections. Expansion joints can be non-metallic or metallic (often called bellows type). Non-metallic can be a single ply of rubberized material or a composite made of multiple layers of heat and erosion resistant flexible ...
There are different notations for expressing these uniform solutions, Wythoff symbol, Coxeter diagram, and Coxeter's t-notation. Simple tiles are generated by Möbius triangles with whole numbers p,q,r, while Schwarz triangles allow rational numbers p,q,r and allow star polygon faces, and have overlapping elements.
In 1981, Grünbaum, Miller, and Shephard, in their paper Uniform Tilings with Hollow Tiles, list 25 tilings using the first two expansions and 28 more when the third is added (making 53 using Coxeter et al.'s definition). When the fourth is added, they list an additional 23 uniform tilings and 10 families (8 depending on continuous parameters ...
The expansion joint hinges provide for angular movement and will resist pressure thrust forces. [4] Individual hinged expansion joints used in piping systems are restricted to pure angular rotation by its hinges. As a pair, hinged expansion joints will function together to absorb lateral deflection.
From a Wythoff construction there are ten hyperbolic uniform tilings that can be based from the regular octagonal tiling.. Drawing the tiles colored as red on the original faces, yellow at the original vertices, and blue along the original edges, there are 10 forms.
There are several variants of Penrose tilings with different tile shapes. The original form of Penrose tiling used tiles of four different shapes, but this was later reduced to only two shapes: either two different rhombi, or two different quadrilaterals called kites and darts. The Penrose tilings are obtained by constraining the ways in which ...