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A staring array, also known as staring-plane array or focal-plane array (FPA), is an image sensor consisting of an array (typically rectangular) of light-sensing pixels at the focal plane of a lens. FPAs are used most commonly for imaging purposes (e.g. taking pictures or video imagery), but can also be used for non-imaging purposes such as ...
Focal-plane arrays (FPAs) are widely used in radio astronomy. FPAs are arrays of receivers placed at the focus of the optical system in a radio-telescope. The optical system may be a reflector or a lens. Traditional radio-telescopes have only one receiver at the focus of the telescope, but radio-telescopes are now starting to be equipped with ...
The two-dimensional optical transfer function at the focal plane can be calculated by integration of the 3D optical transfer function along the z-axis. Although the 3D transfer function of the wide-field microscope (b) is zero on the z -axis for z ≠ 0; its integral, the 2D optical transfer, reaching a maximum at x = y = 0.
Rays that leave the object with the same angle cross at the back focal plane. The front and rear (or back) focal planes are defined as the planes, perpendicular to the optic axis, which pass through the front and rear focal points. An object infinitely far from the optical system forms an image at the rear focal plane. For an object at a finite ...
Diffraction geometry, showing aperture (or diffracting object) plane and image plane, with coordinate system. If the aperture is in x ′ y ′ plane, with the origin in the aperture and is illuminated by a monochromatic wave, of wavelength λ, wavenumber k with complex amplitude A(x ′,y ′), and the diffracted wave is observed in the unprimed x,y-plane along the positive -axis, where l,m ...
In the following quote, an "apertal ratio" of "1 ⁄ 24" is calculated as the ratio of 6 inches (150 mm) to 1 ⁄ 4 inch (6.4 mm), corresponding to an f /24 f-stop: In every lens there is, corresponding to a given apertal ratio (that is, the ratio of the diameter of the stop to the focal length), a certain distance of a near object from it ...
Focal plane array testing is the process of verifying and validating that these devices function correctly. Focal plane arrays are complex to develop, in some cases the fabrication process may have more than 150 steps, [ 1 ] testing of these devices must ensure that each step has the desired result.
It consists of an array of lenses (called lenslets) of the same focal length. Each is focused onto a photon sensor (typically a CCD array or CMOS array [ 3 ] or quad-cell [ 4 ] ). If the sensor is placed at the geometric focal plane of the lenslet, [ 5 ] and is uniformly illuminated, [ 6 ] then, the integrated gradient of the wavefront across ...