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For many autistic people, characteristics first appear during infancy or childhood and follow a steady course without remission (different developmental timelines are described in more detail below). [75] Autistic people may be severely impaired in some respects but average, or even superior, in others. [76] [77] [78]
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or simply autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that begins in early childhood, persists throughout adulthood, and is characterized by difficulties in social communication and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior. [1]
Autistic characteristics tend to become less obvious in adulthood, [22] but social and communication difficulties usually persist. [23] In 2015, Asperger syndrome was estimated to affect 37.2 million people globally, or about 0.5% of the population. [9] The exact percentage of people affected has still not been firmly established. [19]
The pathology paradigm advocates for supporting research into therapies, treatments, and/or a cure to help minimize or remove autistic traits, seeing treatment as vital to help individuals with autism, while the neurodiversity movement believes autism should be seen as a different way of being and advocates against a cure and interventions that ...
Classic autism, also known as childhood autism, autistic disorder, or Kanner's syndrome, is a formerly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder first described by Leo Kanner in 1943. It is characterized by atypical and impaired development in social interaction and communication as well as restricted, repetitive behaviors, activities, and interests.
Behavioral characteristics distinguish autistic people who remain employed from those who do not, with women having more difficulty finding employment than men. [92] An American study of 254 autistic adults showed that those who disclosed their diagnosis to their employer were three times more likely to be hired than those who did not. [66]
The term "high-functioning autism" was used in a manner similar to Asperger syndrome, another outdated classification.The defining characteristic recognized by psychologists was a significant delay in the development of early speech and language skills, before the age of three years. [12]
Autism rights movement (ARM) – (a subset of the neurodiversity movement, also known as the anti-cure movement or autistic culture movement) is a social movement that encourages autistic people, their caregivers and society to adopt a position of neurodiversity, accepting autism as a variation in functioning rather than a mental disorder to be ...