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Pramāṇa is a Hindu theory of knowledge and discusses the valid means by which human beings can gain accurate knowledge. [49] The focus of pramāṇa is how correct knowledge can be acquired, how one knows, how one does not, and to what extent knowledge pertinent about someone or something can be acquired.
Indian philosophy, the systems of thought and reflection that were developed by the civilizations of the Indian subcontinent. They include both orthodox systems, namely, the Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Samkhya, Yoga, Purva-Mimamsa (or Mimamsa), and Vedanta (Advaita, Dwaita, Bhedbheda, Vishistadvaita), and unorthodox (nastika) systems, such as Buddhism, Jainism, Ajivika, Ajnana, Charvaka etc. as well ...
Hindu mythology refers to the collection of myths [a] associated with Hinduism, derived from various Hindu texts and traditions. These myths are found in sacred texts such as the Vedas , [ 1 ] the Itihasas (the Mahabharata and the Ramayana ), [ 2 ] and the Puranas . [ 3 ]
Hindu philosophers of the orthodox schools developed systems of epistemology and investigated topics such as metaphysics, ethics, psychology , hermeneutics, and soteriology within the framework of the Vedic knowledge, while presenting a diverse collection of interpretations.
A theory that rests exclusively on human concepts may at some other time or place be refuted by arguments devised by cleverer people.... The conclusion is that with regard to supernatural matters, Scripture alone is the epistemic authority and that reasoning is to be used only in support of Scripture’ [Śrī Bhāṣya 2.1.12].
The discussion of Maya theory, calling it into question, appears after the theory gains ground in Vedanta school of Hinduism. Vācaspati Miśra 's commentary on the Samkhyakarika , for example, questions the Maya doctrine saying "It is not possible to say that the notion of the phenomenal world being real is false, for there is no evidence to ...
Major books in Indian psychology define the field as pertaining to the study of psychological ideas derived from traditional Indian thought. For example, Cornelissen, Misra, and Varma (2014) wrote that "by Indian psychology we mean an approach to psychology that is based on ideas and practices that developed over thousands of years within the Indian sub-continent.... we do not mean, for ...
The Atman theory in Upanishads had a profound impact on ancient ethical theories and dharma traditions now known as Hinduism. [85] The earliest Dharmasutras of Hindus recite Atman theory from the Vedic texts and Upanishads, [87] and on its foundation build precepts of dharma, laws and ethics.