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The radius of the observable universe is therefore estimated to be about 46.5 billion light-years. [8] [9] Using the critical density and the diameter of the observable universe, the total mass of ordinary matter in the universe can be calculated to be about 1.5 × 10 53 kg. [10]
The portion of the universe that we can see is approximately 93 billion light-years in diameter at present, but the total size of the universe is not known. [3] Some of the earliest cosmological models of the universe were developed by ancient Greek and Indian philosophers and were geocentric, placing Earth at the center.
A finite universe is a bounded metric space, where there is some distance d such that all points are within distance d of each other. The smallest such d is called the diameter of the universe, in which case the universe has a well-defined "volume" or "scale".
Table 3: Today's universe in Planck units Property of present-day observable universe Approximate number of Planck units Equivalents Age: 8.08 × 10 60 t P: 4.35 × 10 17 s or 1.38 × 10 10 years Diameter: 5.4 × 10 61 l P: 8.7 × 10 26 m or 9.2 × 10 10 light-years: Mass: approx. 10 60 m P: 3 × 10 52 kg or 1.5 × 10 22 solar masses (only ...
A variable yellow hypergiant whose size varied from around 680 R ☉ in 1950–1970 to 910 R ☉ in 1977, and later decreased to 390 R ☉ in the 1990s. [75] V382 Carinae (x Carinae) 485 ± 56 [76] L/T eff: A yellow hypergiant, one of the rarest types of stars. V838 Monocerotis: 464 [77] L/T eff
The Big Ring is composed of numerous galaxies and galaxy clusters that form a continuous, almost perfect ring-like pattern in space. With its diameter of 1.3 billion light years and a circumference of 4 billion light years, it is one of the largest known structures within the observable universe. The structure is made up of many galaxy clusters ...
The Hercules–Corona Borealis Great Wall (HCB) [1] [5] or simply the Great Wall [6] is a galaxy filament that is the largest known structure in the observable universe, measuring approximately 10 billion light-years in length (the observable universe is about 93 billion light-years in diameter).
It represents the boundary between the observable and the unobservable regions of the universe, so its distance at the present epoch defines the size of the observable universe. Due to the expansion of the universe, it is not simply the age of the universe times the speed of light, as in the Hubble horizon, but rather the speed of light ...