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In organic chemistry, an alkane, or paraffin (a historical trivial name that also has other meanings), is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon. In other words, an alkane consists of hydrogen and carbon atoms arranged in a tree structure in which all the carbon–carbon bonds are single. [1] Alkanes have the general chemical formula C n H 2n+2.
Carboxylic acids, ketones, epoxides, and alcohols are often obtained by partial oxidation of alkanes and alkenes with dioxygen. These intermediates are essential to the production of consumer goods. Partial oxidation is challenging because the most favored reaction between oxygen and hydrocarbons is combustion.
Decane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C 10 H 22. Although 75 structural isomers are possible for decane, the term usually refers to the normal-decane ("n-decane"), with the formula CH 3 (CH 2) 8 CH 3. All isomers, however, exhibit similar properties and little attention is paid to the composition. [5] These isomers are ...
Combustion of hydrocarbons is the main source of the world's energy. Petroleum is the dominant raw-material source for organic commodity chemicals such as solvents and polymers. Most anthropogenic (human-generated) emissions of greenhouse gases are either carbon dioxide released by the burning of fossil fuels , or methane released from the ...
alkene (unsaturated) vs alkane (saturated) alkyne (unsaturated) vs alkane (saturated) arene (unsaturated) vs cycloalkane (saturated) For organic compounds containing heteroatoms (other than C and H), the list of unsaturated groups is long but some common types are: carbonyl, e.g. ketones, aldehydes, esters, carboxylic acids (unsaturated) vs ...
Alkenes generally have stronger smells than their corresponding alkanes. Ethylene has a sweet and musty odor. Strained alkenes, in particular, like norbornene and trans -cyclooctene are known to have strong, unpleasant odors, a fact consistent with the stronger π complexes they form with metal ions including copper.
The flames caused as a result of a fuel undergoing combustion (burning) Air pollution abatement equipment provides combustion control for industrial processes.. Combustion, or burning, [1] is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke.
Nonane undergoes combustion reactions that are similar to other alkanes. In the presence of sufficient oxygen, nonane burns to form water and carbon dioxide. C 9 H 20 + 14O 2 → 9CO 2 + 10H 2 O. When insufficient oxygen is available for complete combustion, the burning products include carbon monoxide. 2C 9 H 20 + 19O 2 → 18CO + 20H 2 O