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Chapter 7 of Title 11 U.S. Code is the bankruptcy code that governs the process of liquidation under the bankruptcy laws of the U.S. In contrast to bankruptcy under Chapter 11 and Chapter 13, which govern the process of reorganization of a debtor, Chapter 7 bankruptcy is the most common form of bankruptcy in the U.S. [1]
On the other hand, Chapter 13 bankruptcy focuses on reorganizing your debts. This often includes credit card debt, which means some credit card debt may be included in a Chapter 13 repayment plan.
Chapter 7, known as a "straight bankruptcy", involves the discharge of certain debts without repayment. Chapter 13 involves a plan of repayment of debts over a period of years. Whether a person qualifies for Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 is in part determined by income. [49] [50] As many as 65% of all US consumer bankruptcy filings are Chapter 7 cases.
Congress amended this section of the Bankruptcy Code to provide for the dismissal or conversion of a Chapter 7 case upon a finding of "abuse" by an individual debtor (or married couple) with "primarily consumer debt". The pre-BAPCPA language of § 707(b) provided for dismissal of a chapter 7 case upon a finding of "substantial abuse".
Bankruptcy courts appoint a trustee to represent the interests of the creditors and administer the cases. The U.S. Trustee [3] appoints Chapter 7 trustees for a renewable period of 1 year, Chapter 13 trustees are "standing trustees" who administer cases in a specific geographic region.
Filing Chapter 7 after Chapter 7: Eight years. Filing Chapter 13 immediately after Chapter 7 is also referred to as Chapter 20 bankruptcy. You won’t receive a discharge when filing Chapter 20 ...
The impact of bankruptcy on a HELOC depends on the type of bankruptcy filing (Chapter 7 vs. Chapter 13). ... In California, for example, it’s $600,000; in New York, it’s as high as $179,950 ...
Chapter 3: Case Administration; Chapter 5: Creditors, the Debtor and the Estate; Chapter 7: Liquidation; Chapter 9: Adjustment of Debts of a Municipality; Chapter 11: Reorganization; Chapter 12: Adjustment of Debts of a Family Farmer or Fisherman with Regular Annual Income; Chapter 13: Adjustment of Debts of an Individual with Regular Income