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  2. List of XML and HTML character entity references - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_XML_and_HTML...

    This article lists the character entity references that are valid in HTML and XML documents. A character entity reference refers to the content of a named entity. An entity declaration is created in XML, SGML and HTML documents (before HTML5) by using the <!ENTITY name "value"> syntax in a Document type definition (DTD).

  3. XML - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xml

    XML provides escape facilities for including characters that are problematic to include directly. For example: The characters "<" and "&" are key syntax markers and may never appear in content outside a CDATA section. It is allowed, but not recommended, to use "<" in XML entity values. [18] Some character encodings support only a subset of Unicode.

  4. Escape character - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape_character

    The ampersand (&) character may be considered as an escape character in SGML and derived formats such as HTML and XML. Some programming languages also provide other ways to represent special characters in literals, without requiring an escape character (see e.g. delimiter collision ).

  5. Valid characters in XML - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valid_Characters_in_XML

    On the opposite, the code point U+0085 is a valid control character in Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646, as well as in XML 1.0 and XML 1.1 documents (in all contexts), and its usage is not discouraged (it is treated as whitespace in many XML contexts, or as a line-break control similar to U+000D and U+000A in preformatted texts in some XML applications).

  6. Character encodings in HTML - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_encodings_in_HTML

    Incorrect HTML entity escaping may also open up security vulnerabilities for injection attacks such as cross-site scripting. If HTML attributes are left unquoted, certain characters, most importantly whitespace, such as space and tab, must be escaped using entities. Other languages related to HTML have their own methods of escaping characters.

  7. Numeric character reference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeric_character_reference

    As a further example, prior to the publication of XML 1.0 Second Edition on October 6, 2000, XML 1.0 was based on an older version of ISO 10646 and prohibited using characters above U+FFFD, except in character data, thus making a reference like &#65536; (U+10000) illegal. In XML 1.1 and newer editions of XML 1.0, such a reference is allowed ...

  8. Cross-site scripting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting

    Most web applications that do not need to accept rich data can use escaping to largely eliminate the risk of XSS attacks in a fairly straightforward manner. Performing HTML entity encoding only on the five XML significant characters is not always sufficient to prevent many forms of XSS attacks, security encoding libraries are usually easier to use.

  9. String literal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_literal

    When an escape character is inside a string literal, it means "this is the start of the escape sequence". Every escape sequence specifies one character which is to be placed directly into the string. The actual number of characters required in an escape sequence varies. The escape character is on the top/left of the keyboard, but the editor ...