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Within the chart “close”, “open”, “mid”, “front”, “central”, and “back” refer to the placement of the sound within the mouth. [3] At points where two sounds share an intersection, the left is unrounded, and the right is rounded which refers to the shape of the lips while making the sound. [4]
A close vowel, also known as a high vowel (in U.S. terminology [1]), is any in a class of vowel sounds used in many spoken languages.The defining characteristic of a close vowel is that the tongue is positioned approximately as close as possible to the roof of the mouth as it can be without creating a constriction.
Open-mid back unrounded vowel: open-mid: back: unrounded: 314: ʌ ʌ V Sound sample ⓘ Open-mid back rounded vowel: open-mid: back: rounded: 306: ɔ ɔ O Sound sample ⓘ Near-open front unrounded vowel: near-open: front: unrounded: 325: æ æ { Sound sample ⓘ Near-open central vowel: near-open: central: undefined: 324: ɐ ɐ ...
Usually, there is a pattern of even distribution of marks on the chart, a phenomenon that is known as vowel dispersion. For most languages, the vowel system is triangular. Only 10% of languages, including English, have a vowel diagram that is quadrilateral. Such a diagram is called a vowel quadrilateral or a vowel trapezium. [2]
The name open-o represents the sound, in that it is like the sound represented by o , the close-mid back rounded vowel, except it is more open. It also represents the symbol, which can be remembered as an o which has been "opened" by removing part of the closed circular shape.
The following is the chart of the International Phonetic Alphabet, a standardized system of phonetic symbols devised and maintained by the International Phonetic Association. It is not a complete list of all possible speech sounds in the world's languages, only those about which stand-alone articles exist in this encyclopedia.
Open vowels are sometimes also called low vowels (in U.S. terminology [1]) in reference to the low position of the tongue. In the context of the phonology of any particular language, a low vowel can be any vowel that is more open than a mid vowel. That is, open-mid vowels, near-open vowels, and open vowels can all be considered low vowels.
The open front unrounded vowel, or low front unrounded vowel, [1] is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages. It is one of the eight primary cardinal vowels , not directly intended to correspond to a vowel sound of a specific language but rather to serve as a fundamental reference point in a phonetic measuring system.