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[1] [13] The batteries were designed for a minimum of 40 hours but lasted for 62. [13] Luna 1 became the first artificial object to reach the escape velocity of the Earth, [14] along with its carrier rocket's 1,472-kilogram (3,245 lb) [2] upper stage, which it separated from after being the first spacecraft to reach heliocentric orbit. [1]
Artemis I, formerly Exploration Mission-1 (EM-1), [9] was an uncrewed Moon-orbiting mission that was launched in November 2022. As the first major spaceflight of NASA 's Artemis program , Artemis I marked the agency's return to lunar exploration after the conclusion of the Apollo program five decades earlier.
This made the Soviet Union the 1st country to impact the surface of the Moon. 12: Luna 3 (E-2A No.1) Luna 3: 4 October 1959: Luna: OKB-1: Flyby: Success Returned the first images of the far side of the Moon. [14] 13: Pioneer P-3. Able IVB. Pioneer P-3: 26 November 1959: Atlas-D Able: NASA: Orbiter: Launch failure
Lunar Orbiter spacecraft. The Lunar Orbiter program was a series of five uncrewed lunar orbiter missions launched by the United States in 1966 and 1967. Intended to help select Apollo landing sites by mapping the Moon's surface, [1] they provided the first photographs from lunar orbit and photographed both the Moon and Earth.
Pale Blue Dot is a photograph of Earth taken on February 14, 1990, by the Voyager 1 space probe from an unprecedented distance of approximately 6 billion kilometers (3.7 billion miles, 40.5 AU), as part of that day's Family Portrait series of images of the Solar System.
The 1966 Lunar Orbiter 1 robotic spacecraft mission, part of NASA's Lunar Orbiter program, [9] was the first American spacecraft to orbit the Moon. It was designed primarily to photograph smooth areas of the lunar surface for selection and verification of safe landing sites for the Surveyor and Apollo missions.
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Lunokhod 1 (Russian: Луноход-1 "Moonwalker 1"), also known as Аппарат 8ЕЛ № 203 ("Device 8EL No. 203") was the first robotic rover on the Moon and the first to freely move across the surface of an astronomical object beyond the Earth. [1] Sent by the Soviet Union it was part of the robotic rovers Lunokhod program.