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Propylene, also known as propene, is an unsaturated organic compound with the chemical formula CH 3 CH=CH 2. It has one double bond , and is the second simplest member of the alkene class of hydrocarbons .
Propyne exists in equilibrium with propadiene, the mixture of propyne and propadiene being called MAPD: . H 3 CC≡CH ⇌ H 2 C=C=CH 2. The coefficient of equilibrium K eq is 0.22 at 270 °C or 0.1 at 5 °C.
Propylene, also known as propene Index of chemical compounds with the same molecular formula This set index page lists chemical structure articles associated with the same molecular formula .
Allyl chloride is produced by the chlorination of propylene. At lower temperatures, the main product is 1,2-dichloropropane, but at 500 °C, allyl chloride predominates, being formed via a free radical reaction: CH 3 CH=CH 2 + Cl 2 → ClCH 2 CH=CH 2 + HCl. An estimated 800,000 tonnes were produced this way in 1997. [4]
As the methyl group is in isotactic propylene consistently located at the same side, it forces the macromolecule in a helical shape, as also found in starch. An isotactic structure leads to a semi-crystalline polymer. The higher the isotonicity(the isotactic fraction), the greater the crystallinity, and thus also the softening point, rigidity ...
Phenylpropenes broadly are compounds containing a phenyl ring bonded to propene, more specifically those with an allyl group bonded to a benzene ring, having the parent structure of allylbenzene. These comprise a class of phenylpropanoids, where there are typically other substituents bonded to the aromatic ring.
It is a byproduct in the chlorination of propene to make allyl chloride. [5] It is usually obtained as a mixture of the geometric isomers, called (Z)-1,3-dichloropropene, and (E)-1,3-dichloropropene. Although it was first applied in agriculture in the 1950s, at least two biodegradation pathways have evolved.
Isobutylene is used in the production of a variety of products. It is alkylated with butane to produce isooctane or dimerized to diisobutylene (DIB) and then hydrogenated to make isooctane, a fuel additive.