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  2. Morphine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphine

    He described it as a potent painkiller but recommended that it be used sparingly. The recipe given differs substantially from that of modern-day laudanum. [133] Morphine was discovered as the first active alkaloid extracted from the opium poppy plant in December 1804 in Paderborn by German pharmacist Friedrich Sertürner.

  3. Morphine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/(+)-Morphine

    To the contrary, in rats, (+)-morphine acts as an antianalgesic and is approximately 71,000 times more potent as an antianalgesic than (−)-morphine is as an analgesic. [ 1 ] (+)-Morphine derives its antianalgesic effects by being a selective-agonist of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which due to not binding to opioid receptors allows it to ...

  4. Heroin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heroin

    The advantage of diamorphine over morphine is that diamorphine is more fat soluble and therefore more potent by injection, so smaller doses of it are needed for the same effect on pain. Both of these factors are advantageous if giving high doses of opioids via the subcutaneous route, which is often necessary for palliative care.

  5. Opioid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opioid

    Opioids work on opioid receptors in the brain and other organs to produce a variety of morphine-like effects, including pain relief. [2] [3] The terms 'opioid' and 'opiate' are sometimes used interchangeably, but the term 'opioid' is used to designate all substances, both natural and synthetic, that bind to opioid receptors in the brain. [4]

  6. Analgesic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analgesic

    An analgesic drug, also called simply an analgesic, antalgic, pain reliever, or painkiller, is any member of the group of drugs used for pain management.Analgesics are conceptually distinct from anesthetics, which temporarily reduce, and in some instances eliminate, sensation, although analgesia and anesthesia are neurophysiologically overlapping and thus various drugs have both analgesic and ...

  7. Potency (pharmacology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potency_(pharmacology)

    A highly potent drug (e.g., fentanyl, clonazepam, risperidone, benperidol, bumetanide) evokes a given response at low concentrations, while a drug of lower potency (e.g. morphine, alprazolam, ziprasidone, haloperidol, furosemide) evokes the same response only at higher concentrations.

  8. Here's Why You've Never Heard Of The Drug At The Center Of ...

    www.aol.com/heres-why-youve-never-heard...

    Lonafen is the main drug featured in Pain Hustlers. According to the movie, it’s a synthetic form of fentanyl that’s a potent painkiller for "breakthrough cancer pain."It’s also highly ...

  9. Equianalgesic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equianalgesic

    Acute use (1–3 days) yields a potency about 1.5× stronger than that of morphine and chronic use (7 days+) yields a potency about 2.5 to 5× that of morphine. Similarly, the effect of tramadol increases after consecutive dosing due to the accumulation of its active metabolite and an increase of the oral bioavailability in chronic use.