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  2. Ottoman Empire–United States relations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire–United...

    The relations between the Ottoman Empire and the United States have a long history, with roots before American independence due to long-standing trade between the two regions. [1]

  3. Foreign relations of the Ottoman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the...

    The foreign relations of the Ottoman Empire were characterized by competition with the Persian Empire to the east, Russia to the north, and Austria to the west. The control over European minorities began to collapse after 1800, with Greece being the first to break free, followed by Serbia.

  4. Ottoman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire

    The Ottoman Empire [k] (/ ˈ ɒ t ə m ə n / ⓘ), also called the Turkish Empire, [23] [24] was an imperial realm [l] that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries. [25] [26] [27]

  5. Eastern question - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_question

    In diplomatic history, the Eastern question was the issue of the political and economic instability in the Ottoman Empire from the late 18th to early 20th centuries and the subsequent strategic competition and political considerations of the European great powers in light of this.

  6. Treaty of Berlin (1878) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Berlin_(1878)

    The treaty had protected the Ottoman Empire, ended the Holy Alliance (Austria, Prussia and Russia) and weakened Russia's overall position. In 1870, Russia invoked the doctrine of rebus sic stantibus and effectively terminated the treaty by breaching provisions concerning the neutrality of the Black Sea.

  7. History of the Ottoman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Ottoman_Empire

    This action provoked the Ottoman Empire into the Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774), during which, in January 1769, a 70-thousand Turkish-Tatar army led by the Crimean Khan Qırım Giray made one of the largest slave raids in the history, which was repulsed by the 6-thousand garrison of the Fortress of St. Elizabeth, which prevented Ottoman Empire ...

  8. List of English words of Turkic origin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_words_of...

    from Middle English, from Old French, from Old Spanish, from Ottoman Turkish martagan, "a kind of turban". [187] Merdiban an accounting method used by the Ottoman Empire, Abbasid empire, and the Ilkhanate; from a word meaning "Ladder" or "Staircase". [188]

  9. Ahidnâme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahidnâme

    An Ahdname, achtiname, ahidnâme or athname (meaning the "Bill of Oath") is a type of Ottoman charter commonly referred to as a capitulation. During the early modern period, the Ottoman Empire called it an Ahidname-i-Humayun or an imperial pledge and the Ahdname functioned as an official agreement between the Empire and various European states. [1]