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Diseases involving the shape and strength of the heart can be a cause of reduced blood flow to the brain, which increases risk for syncope. [3] The most common cause in this category is fainting associated with an acute myocardial infarction or ischemic event.
Reflex syncope can occur in otherwise healthy individuals, and has many possible causes, often trivial ones such as prolonged standing with the legs locked. [ citation needed ] The main danger of vasovagal syncope (or dizzy spells from vertigo) is the risk of injury by falling while unconscious.
Heat syncope is fainting or dizziness as a result of overheating (syncope is the medical term for fainting). It is a type of heat illness. The basic symptom of heat syncope is fainting, with or without mental confusion. [1] Heat syncope is caused by peripheral vessel dilation, resulting in diminished blood flow to the brain and dehydration.
Those affected may have episodes of syncope. [2] The abnormal heart rhythms seen in those with Brugada syndrome often occur at rest. [1] [5] They may be triggered by a fever. [1] [5] About a quarter of those with Brugada syndrome have a family member who also has the condition. [2] Some cases may be due to a new genetic mutation or certain ...
These can lead to syncope. [16] Finally, in calcific aortic stenosis [17] [18] at least, the calcification in and around the aortic valve can progress and extend to involve the electrical conduction system of the heart. If that occurs, the result may be heart block, a potentially lethal condition of which syncope may be a symptom. [citation needed]
Heat illness is a spectrum of disorders due to increased body temperature. It can be caused by either environmental conditions or by exertion.It includes minor conditions such as heat cramps, heat syncope, and heat exhaustion as well as the more severe condition known as heat stroke. [1]
Orthostatic syncope refers to syncope resulting from a postural decrease in blood pressure, termed orthostatic hypotension. [1]Orthostatic hypotension occurs when there is a persistent reduction in blood pressure of at least 20mmHg systolic or 10mmHg diastolic within three minutes of standing or being upright to 60 degrees on the head-up tilt table.
There are also syndromes that can cause hypotension in patients including orthostatic hypotension, [17] vasovagal syncope, [18] and other rarer conditions. [19] [20] For many people, excessively low blood pressure can cause dizziness and fainting or indicate serious heart, endocrine or neurological disorders. [17]