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In 1501, Rodrigo de Bastidas was the first European to explore the Isthmus of Panama sailing along the eastern coast. A year later Christopher Columbus on his fourth voyage, sailing south and eastward from upper Central America, explored Bocas del Toro, Veragua, the Chagres River and Portobelo (Beautiful Port) which he named.
Free entry into the zone was provided for Panamanian goods, and the republic's customhouses were to be established at entrances to the zone to regulate the entry of goods finally destined for Panama. The Hull-Alfaro revisions, though hailed by both governments, radically altered the special rights of the United States in the isthmus, and the ...
Panama escaped armed violence over the constitutional question but joined other regions in petitioning Bolívar to assume dictatorial powers until a convention could meet. Panama announced its union with Gran Colombia as a "Hanseatic State", i.e., as an autonomous area with special trading privileges until the convention was held.
The History of Panama. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-33322-4. Johnson, Willis Fletcher (1906). Four Centuries of the Panama Canal. New York, New York: Henry Holt and Co. OCLC 576076780. Lafeber, Walter. The Panama Canal: The Crisis in Historical Perspective (3rd ed. 1990). McCullough, David (1977).
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... move to sidebar hide. Part of a series on the. History of Panama; Chronology; Before 1821; 1821–1903; 1904 ...
A fraught and deadly history. ... and open to all vessels and provided for joint US-Panamanian control of the territory until the end of 1999, when Panama would be given full control.
The National Archives of Panama (Spanish: Archivo Nacional de Panamá) is the institution in charge of safeguarding national documents. It was created by Law No. 43 of December 14, 1912, [ 1 ] under the administration of President Belisario Porras , being Panama the first republic in America to have a building dedicated to its national archive .
The Panama Canal’s watershed experienced its fifth driest year of the last seven decades in 2019, officials said this week, underscoring warnings that climate change poses a major challenge to ...