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Navajo or Navaho (/ ˈ n æ v ə h oʊ, ˈ n ɑː v ə-/ NAV-ə-hoh, NAH-və-; [4] Navajo: Diné bizaad [tìnépìz̥ɑ̀ːt] or Naabeehó bizaad [nɑ̀ːpèːhópìz̥ɑ̀ːt]) is a Southern Athabaskan language of the Na-Dené family, through which it is related to languages spoken across the western areas of North America.
William Morgan (May 15, 1917 – January 6, 2001) [1] was a Navajo linguist and translator. He is best known for his work with Robert W. Young, who he collaborated with on a series of books that documented the Navajo language. He also coauthored several other books about Navajo language, culture, and history with Leon Wall and Edward Mays.
In 1943 Young and Morgan became editors of the first Navajo-language newspaper, Ádahooníłígíí, published by the Navajo Agency. It was the second newspaper to be published in a Native American language, after the Cherokee Phoenix , which was founded in 1828 and published through 1834 (it was revived intermittently and began regular ...
The Navajo Code Talkers played a significant role in USMC history. Using their own language they utilized a military code; for example, the Navajo word "turtle" represented a tank. In 1942, Marine staff officers composed several combat simulations and the Navajo translated it and transmitted it in their dialect to another Navajo on the other line.
There are twelve Native American languages spoken in Arizona, in addition to three other languages that are primarily spoken outside the state and one language with a disputed existence. Population estimates are based on figures from Ethnologue and U.S. Census data, as given in sub-pages below. The twelve languages are shown in the table below:
Its first issue was published in August 1943. The paper was edited by Robert W. Young and William Morgan, Sr. (Navajo), who had collaborated on The Navajo Language, the standard dictionary used until the present day. [9] The newspaper was originally printed on a single folded sheet of newsprint; it was distributed through the chapter houses. [10]
During his visits, Sands, a fluent Navajo speaker, served as a kind of translator. English-speaking children asked him to speak with their grandparents in Navajo, Sands said. The elders, in turn ...
Paul Platero (October 5, 1942 – November 16, 2020) was a Navajo linguist. He was born into the Water’s Edge Clan for the Two Who Came To the Water Clan. [1] He was a student of the late MIT linguistics professor Ken Hale. Platero earned his Ph.D. in linguistics from MIT, with a dissertation on the relative clause in Navajo. [2]