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Azadirachta indica, commonly known as neem, margosa, nimtree or Indian lilac, [3] is a tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae. It is one of the two species in the genus Azadirachta . It is native to the Indian subcontinent and to parts of Southeast Asia , but is naturalized and grown around the world in tropical and subtropical areas.
Azadirachta is a genus of two species of trees in the mahogany family Meliaceae. [2] Numerous species have been proposed for the genus but only two are currently recognized, Azadirachta excelsa and the economically important tree Azadirachta indica , the neem tree, from which neem oil is extracted.
This compound is found in the seeds (0.2 to 0.8 percent by weight) of the neem tree, Azadirachta indica (hence the prefix aza does not imply an aza compound, but refers to the scientific species name).
Formulations that include neem oil have found wide usage as a biopesticide for horticulturists [4] and for organic farming, as it repels a wide variety of insect pests including mealy bugs, beet armyworms, aphids, cabbage worms, thrips, whiteflies, mites, fungus gnats, beetles, moth larvae, mushroom flies, leaf miners, caterpillars, locusts, nematodes and Japanese beetles.
Azadirachta indica [5] is the most notable source of gedunin, but it has also been found in the following plants: Cedrela fissilis [6] Cedrela odorata [7] [8] Cedrela salvadorensis [9] Entandrophragma angolense [10] Khaya grandifoliola [11] Melia azedarach [12] Toona sinensis [13] [14] Xylocarpus granatum [15] [16]
Meliaceae, the mahogany family, is a flowering plant family of mostly trees and shrubs (and a few herbaceous plants, mangroves) in the order Sapindales.. They are characterised by alternate, usually pinnate leaves without stipules, and by syncarpous, [2] apparently bisexual (but actually mostly cryptically unisexual) flowers borne in panicles, cymes, spikes or clusters.