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The reform of the House of Lords, the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, has been a topic of discussion in UK politics for more than a century. Multiple governments have attempted reform, beginning with the introduction of the Parliament Act 1911 by the incumbent Liberal Government .
The House of Lords Reform Act 2014 allowed members to resign from the House; previously there had been no mechanism for this. It also provided for the exclusion of any peer sentenced to a term of imprisonment of one year or more for a criminal offence, as well as a mechanism for removal of peers for non-attendance.
The House of Lords Act 1999 (c. 34) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that reformed the House of Lords, one of the chambers of Parliament. The Act was given royal assent on 11 November 1999. [3] For centuries, the House of Lords had included several hundred members who inherited their seats (hereditary peers); the Act removed ...
Detailed proposals for Lords reform, including a draft House of Lords Reform Bill, were published on 17 May 2011. These included a 300-member hybrid house, of whom 80% would be elected. A further 20% would be appointed, and reserve space would be included for some Church of England archbishops and bishops.
Others have said that other elements of House of Lords reform should be prioritised, such as the removal of the automatic right of Anglican Bishops to sit in the House of Lords as Lords Spiritual, [12] as the only other sovereign nation in which clerics are automatically granted a seat in the legislature is Iran. [13]
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Apart from retired Lords Spiritual and the surviving hereditary peers excluded under the House of Lords Act 1999, including the Marquess of Cholmondeley who was exempt from the 1999 Act by virtue of his position as Lord Great Chamberlain until the accession of Charles III in September 2022, [1] there are a number of living peers who have permanently ceased to be members of the House.
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