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The Berlin Plus agreement requires that the use of NATO assets by the EU is subject to a "right of first refusal", i.e. NATO must first decline to intervene in a given crisis, [7] [8] and contingent on unanimous approval among NATO states, including those outside of the EU.
Cyprus is the only EU member state that is neither a NATO member state nor a member of the PfP program. The Parliament of Cyprus voted in February 2011 to apply for membership in the program, but President Demetris Christofias vetoed the decision, arguing that it would hamper his attempts to negotiate an end to the Cyprus dispute and demilitarize the island.
The Berlin Plus agreement is the short title of a comprehensive package of agreements made between NATO and the EU on 16 December 2002. [1] These agreements were based on conclusions of NATO's 1999 Washington summit, sometimes referred to as the "CJTF mechanism" (combined joint task force), [2] and allowed the EU to draw on some of NATO's military assets in its own peacekeeping operations.
As of November 2024, the European Union has signed security and defence pacts with six countries: Albania, Japan, Moldova, North Macedonia, Norway, and South Korea.. Rather than concluding treaties or alliances with external partners, the European Union's approach towards security and defence has mostly been focused towards what has proven to be a slow and gradual internal consolidation since ...
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO / ˈ n eɪ t oʊ / NAY-toh; French: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental transnational military alliance of 32 member states—30 European and 2 North American.
Closer cooperation between NATO and the WEU was established at the NATO summit in January 1994 in Brussels: to avoid a costly duplication of resources, it was decided that NATO would make its collective resources available, after consultations within the North Atlantic Council, for WEU operations carried out by the European Allies in ...
Foreign Ministers of the European Union countries in Limassol during Cyprus Presidency of the EU in 2012. While Cyprus had historically followed a non-aligned foreign policy, it increasingly identified with the West in its cultural affinities and trade patterns, and maintains close relations with the rest of the European Union (including Greece), as well as Armenia, Lebanon, and Russia.
Three of NATO's members are nuclear weapons states: France, the United Kingdom, and the United States. NATO has 12 original founding member states. Three more members joined between 1952 and 1955, and a fourth joined in 1982. Since the end of the Cold War, NATO has added 16 more members from 1999 to 2024. [1]