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Acetyl-CoA (acetyl coenzyme A) is a molecule that participates in many biochemical reactions in protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. [2] Its main function is to deliver the acetyl group to the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) to be oxidized for energy production.
Coenzyme A (CoA, SHCoA, CoASH) is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle.All genomes sequenced to date encode enzymes that use coenzyme A as a substrate, and around 4% of cellular enzymes use it (or a thioester) as a substrate.
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) is a biotin-dependent enzyme (EC 6.4.1.2) that catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to produce malonyl-CoA through its two catalytic activities, biotin carboxylase (BC) and carboxyltransferase (CT).
The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-CoA:[acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase. Other names in common use include acetyl coenzyme A-acyl-carrier-protein transacylase, acetyl-CoA:ACP transacylase, [acyl-carrier-protein]acetyltransferase, [ACP]acetyltransferase, and ACAT. This enzyme participates in fatty acid biosynthesis.
The biotin carboxyl carrier protein is an Acetyl CoA subunit that allows for Acetyl CoA to be catalyzed and converted to malonyl-CoA. More specifically, BCCP catalyzes the carboxylation of the carrier protein to form an intermediate. Then the carboxyl group is transferred by the transcacrboxylase to form the malonyl-CoA. [1]
Acetyl-CoA synthetase is also produced when it is needed for fatty acid synthesis, but, under normal conditions, the gene is inactive and has certain transcriptional factors that activate transcription when necessary. [3] In addition to sirtuins, protein deacetylase (AcuC) also can modify acetyl-CoA synthetase at a lysine residue.
38 110446 Ensembl ENSG00000075239 ENSMUSG00000032047 UniProt P24752 Q8QZT1 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000019 NM_144784 RefSeq (protein) NP_000010 NP_659033 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 108.12 – 108.15 Mb Chr 9: 53.49 – 53.52 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial, also known as acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded ...
52538 Ensembl ENSG00000167315 ENSMUSG00000036880 UniProt P42765 Q8BWT1 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_006111 NM_177470 RefSeq (protein) NP_006102 NP_803421 Location (UCSC) Chr 18: 49.78 – 49.81 Mb Chr 18: 74.91 – 74.94 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse 3-Ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, mitochondrial also known as acetyl-Coenzyme A acyltransferase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded ...