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Dijkstra's algorithm (/ ˈ d aɪ k s t r ə z / DYKE-strəz) is an algorithm for finding the shortest paths between nodes in a weighted graph, which may represent, for example, a road network. It was conceived by computer scientist Edsger W. Dijkstra in 1956 and published three years later.
In connected graphs where shortest paths are well-defined (i.e. where there are no negative-length cycles), we may construct a shortest-path tree using the following algorithm: Compute dist(u), the shortest-path distance from root v to vertex u in G using Dijkstra's algorithm or Bellman–Ford algorithm.
From a dynamic programming point of view, Dijkstra's algorithm for the shortest path problem is a successive approximation scheme that solves the dynamic programming functional equation for the shortest path problem by the Reaching method. [8] [9] [10] In fact, Dijkstra's explanation of the logic behind the algorithm, [11] namely Problem 2.
A common example of a graph-based pathfinding algorithm is Dijkstra's algorithm. [3] This algorithm begins with a start node and an "open set" of candidate nodes. At each step, the node in the open set with the lowest distance from the start is examined.
Use a shortest path algorithm (e.g., Dijkstra's algorithm, Bellman-Ford algorithm) to find the shortest path from the source node to the sink node in the residual graph. Augment the Flow: Find the minimum capacity along the shortest path. Increase the flow on the edges of the shortest path by this minimum capacity.
Dijkstra's algorithm, as another example of a uniform-cost search algorithm, can be viewed as a special case of A* where = for all x. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] General depth-first search can be implemented using A* by considering that there is a global counter C initialized with a very large value.
The algorithm performs a depth-first search of the given graph G, maintaining as it does two stacks S and P (in addition to the normal call stack for a recursive function). Stack S contains all the vertices that have not yet been assigned to a strongly connected component, in the order in which the depth-first search reaches the vertices.
It can be solved using Yen's algorithm [3] [4] to find the lengths of all shortest paths from a fixed node to all other nodes in an n-node non negative-distance network, a technique requiring only 2n 2 additions and n 2 comparison, fewer than other available shortest path algorithms need.