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Irish orthography is the set of conventions used to write Irish. A spelling reform in the mid-20th century led to An Caighdeán Oifigiúil , the modern standard written form used by the Government of Ireland , which regulates both spelling and grammar . [ 1 ]
Gaelic type (sometimes called Irish character, Irish type, or Gaelic script) is a family of Insular script typefaces devised for printing Early Modern Irish. It was widely used from the 16th century until the mid-18th century in Scotland and the mid-20th century in Ireland, but is now rarely used.
gqxʼ is used in the practical orthography of the Taa language, where it represents the prevoiced affricate [ɢqχʼ]. ngʼw is used for [ŋʷ] in Swahili-based alphabets. However, the apostrophe is a diacritic in Swahili, not a letter, so this is not a true tetragraph. nyng is used in Yanyuwa to write a pre-velar nasal, [ŋ̟].
In Irish orthography, there is a space between Mac and the rest of the surname, e.g. Seán Mac Eoin, Seán Mac Stíofáin; in English orthography, there is no space between the Mc or Mac and the rest of the surname. The Ó in surnames always takes the diacritic and is followed by a space e.g. Tomás Ó Fiaich, not Tomás O Fiaich or Tomas Ó ...
The Latin orthography for Chechen includes ċ, ç̇, ġ, q̇, and ẋ. Traditional Irish typography, where the dot denotes lenition, and is called a ponc séimhithe or buailte "dot of lenition": ḃ ċ ḋ ḟ ġ ṁ ṗ ṡ ṫ. Alternatively, lenition may be represented by a following letter h, thus: bh ch dh fh gh mh ph sh th.
An Caighdeán Oifigiúil ([ənˠ ˌkəidʲaːn̪ˠ ˈɛfʲɪɟuːlʲ], "The Official Standard"), often shortened to An Caighdeán, is the variety of the Irish language that is used as the standard or state norm for the spelling and the grammar of the language and is used in official publications and taught in most schools in the Republic of Ireland.
Primitive Irish *e before a hiatus (i.e. over *ɸ or *y between two vowels) raised to *i before a non-front vowel. Primitive Irish *i before a hiatus then underwent a-affection normally, lowering it down to *e. In early Old Irish, stressed *e before a hiatus raised again to i if the hiatus avoided syncope.
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Irish on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Irish in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.