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Subtraction of numbers 0–10. Line labels = minuend. X axis = subtrahend. Y axis = difference. Subtraction is usually written using the minus sign "−" between the terms; that is, in infix notation.
The minus sign is also used to notate negative numbers. [10] Subtraction is not commutative, which means that the order of the numbers can change the final value; is not the same as . In elementary arithmetic, the minuend is always larger than the subtrahend to produce a positive result.
The nines' complement of a number given in decimal representation is formed by replacing each digit with nine minus that digit. To subtract a decimal number y (the subtrahend) from another number x (the minuend) two methods may be used: In the first method, the nines' complement of x is added to y. Then the nines' complement of the result ...
Counting is a type of repeated addition in which the number 1 is continuously added. [46] Subtraction is the inverse of addition. In it, one number, known as the subtrahend, is taken away from another, known as the minuend. The result of this operation is called the difference. The symbol of subtraction is . [47]
A crane retrieves part of the wreckage from the Potomac River, in the aftermath of the collision of American Eagle flight 5342 and a Black Hawk helicopter that crashed into the river (REUTERS)
(Temperatures tend to follow the older usage; −5° is generally called "minus five degrees".) [18] Further, a few textbooks in the United States encourage −x to be read as "the opposite of x" or "the additive inverse of x"—to avoid giving the impression that −x is necessarily negative (since x itself may already be negative). [19]
The subtractor is best understood by considering that the subtrahend and both borrow bits have negative weights, whereas the X and D bits are positive. The operation performed by the subtractor is to rewrite (which can take the values -2, -1, 0, or 1) as the sum + +.
−1 47 − 19 ---- 28 Here, 7 − 9 = −2, so try (10 − 9) + 7 = 8, and the 10 is got by taking ("borrowing") 1 from the next digit to the left. There are two ways in which this is commonly taught: The ten is moved from the next digit left, leaving in this example 3 − 1 in the tens column.