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Pregnancy-induced hypercoagulability is probably a physiologically adaptive mechanism to prevent post partum hemorrhage. [1] Pregnancy changes the plasma levels of many clotting factors, such as fibrinogen, which can rise up to three times its normal value. [2] Thrombin levels increase. [3] Protein S, an anticoagulant, decreases.
Throughout pregnancy, close monitoring of the mother and fetus is recommended. [20] Low-dose low molecular weight heparin (e.g. enoxaparin) may be used. [20] For life-threatening complications, the platelet count can be reduced rapidly using plateletpheresis, a procedure that removes platelets from the blood and returns the remainder to the ...
Gestational (incidental) thrombocytopenia is a condition that commonly affects pregnant women.Thrombocytopenia is defined as the drop in platelet count from the normal range of 150,000–400,000/μL to a count lower than 150,000/μL. [1]
This results in platelet activation and the formation of platelet microparticles, which initiate the formation of blood clots; the platelet count falls as a result, leading to thrombocytopenia. [1] [7] In addition, the reticuloendothelial system (mostly the spleen) removes the antibody-coated platelets, further contributing to the thrombocytopenia.
Enoxaparin sodium, sold under the brand name Lovenox among others, is an anticoagulant medication (blood thinner). [11] It is used to treat and prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) including during pregnancy and following certain types of surgery. [ 11 ]
The effect of pregnancy on platelet count is unclear, with some studies demonstrating a mild decline in platelet count and other studies that show no effect. [24] The white blood cell count increases with occasional appearance of myelocytes or metamyelocytes in the blood. [24] During labor, there is a rise in leukocyte count.
Another bleeding risk factor is thrombocytopenia, or decreased platelet levels, which is the most common hematological change associated with pregnancy induced hypertension. If platelet counts drop less than 100,000 per microliter the patient will be at a severe risk for inability to clot during and after delivery. [15]
In hematology, thrombocythemia is a condition of high platelet (thrombocyte) count in the blood. Normal count is in the range of 150 × 10 9 to 450 × 10 9 platelets per liter of blood, [ 1 ] but investigation is typically only considered if the upper limit exceeds 750 × 10 9 /L.