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WPA (sometimes referred to as the TKIP standard) became available in 2003. The Wi-Fi Alliance intended it as an intermediate measure in anticipation of the availability of the more secure and complex WPA2, which became available in 2004 and is a common shorthand for the full IEEE 802.11i (or IEEE 802.11i-2004) standard.
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP / t iː ˈ k ɪ p /) is a security protocol used in the IEEE 802.11 wireless networking standard. TKIP was designed by the IEEE 802.11i task group and the Wi-Fi Alliance as an interim solution to replace WEP without requiring the replacement of legacy hardware.
CCMP is based on AES processing and uses a 128-bit key and a 128-bit block size. CCMP uses CCM with the following two parameters: M = 8; indicating that the MIC is 8 octets (eight bytes). L = 2; indicating that the Length field is 2 octets. A CCMP Medium Access Control Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) comprises five sections. The first is the MAC ...
The Wi-Fi Alliance refers to their approved, interoperable implementation of the full 802.11i as WPA2, also called RSN (Robust Security Network). 802.11i makes use of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) block cipher, whereas WEP and WPA use the RC4 stream cipher.
The TKIP encryption algorithm was developed for WPA to provide improvements to WEP that could be fielded as firmware upgrades to existing 802.11 devices. The WPA profile also provides optional support for the AES-CCMP algorithm that is the preferred algorithm in 802.11i and WPA2. WPA Enterprise provides RADIUS based authentication using 802.1X.
MPDU payload is TKIP or CCMP encrypted. MPDU payload and header are TKIP or CCMP integrity protected. Protected frame field of frame control field is set. Only cipher suites already implemented are required. Sender's pairwise temporal key (PTK) protects unicast management frame.
The recommended solution to WEP security problems is to switch to WPA2. WPA was an intermediate solution for hardware that could not support WPA2. Both WPA and WPA2 are much more secure than WEP. [21] To add support for WPA or WPA2, some old Wi-Fi access points might need to be replaced or have their firmware upgraded.
802.11i is an IEEE security standard, includes both CCMP and TKIP; WPA is a WiFi Association certification that roughly maps to the Draft 3 of the 802.11i. It lacks some features of the 802.11i and uses different tags in the frames. WPA2 is WiFi Association certification that maps to the final 802.11i. Dimawik 06:26, 22 August 2006 (UTC)