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Environmental hazards can be categorized in many different ways. One of them is — chemical, physical, biological, and psychological. Chemical hazards are substances that can cause harm or damage to humans, animals, or the environment.
Chemical safety includes all safety policies, procedures and practices designed to minimize the risk of exposure to potentially hazardous chemicals.This includes the risks of exposure to persons handling the chemicals, to the surrounding environment, and to the communities and ecosystems within that environment. [1]
The international community has defined the responsible management of hazardous waste and chemicals as an important part of sustainable development by including it in Sustainable Development Goal 12. [20] Target 12.4 of this goal is to "achieve the environmentally sound management of chemicals and all wastes throughout their life cycle".
Air pollution is the presence of substances in the atmosphere that are harmful to humans and other living beings, or cause damage to the environment. Air pollution can be chemical, physical or biological. [1]
The United States formed the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1970 to protect human and environmental health by creating and enforcing environmental regulation. Green chemistry builds on the EPA’s goals by encouraging chemists and engineers to design chemicals, processes, and products that avoid the creation of toxins and waste.
Such chemicals may have the ability to bioaccumulate and biomagnify and can biomagnify (i.e. become more concentrated) up to 70,000 times their original concentrations. [42] POPs can affect non-target organisms in the environment and increase risk to humans [43] by disruption in the endocrine, reproductive, and respiratory systems. [42]
Chemical exposure to the skin is a common workplace injury and may also occur in domestic situations with chemicals such as bleach or drain-cleaners. The exposure of chemicals to the skin most often results in local irritation to the exposed area. [9] In some exposures, the chemical will be absorbed through the skin and will result in poisoning ...
Sewage treatment plants use physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove nutrients and contaminants from waste water. Sewage treatment plants (STP) work with physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove nutrients and contaminants from waste water. Usually the STP is equipped with an initial mechanical separation of solid ...