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Methods of control include directly adjusting the pH, adding phosphates, silicates as an alternative corrosion inhibitor, or adding bicarbonates for buffer. [2] Orthophosphates may be added in tap water treatment systems to prevent leaching of lead and copper from water pipes and reduce the ion content in tap water to safer, legal levels. [2]
Concentration cells can form in the deposits of corrosion products, leading to localized corrosion. Accelerated low-water corrosion (ALWC) is a particularly aggressive form of MIC that affects steel piles in seawater near the low water tide mark. It is characterized by an orange sludge, which smells of hydrogen sulfide when treated with acid.
EPA illustration of lead sources in residential buildings Infographic about lead in drinking water. The Lead and Copper Rule (LCR) is a United States federal regulation that limits the concentration of lead and copper allowed in public drinking water at the consumer's tap, as well as limiting the permissible amount of pipe corrosion occurring due to the water itself. [1]
Water treatment – Aqueous VCI solutions have been used to flush/rinse pipelines, pumps, manifolds, enclosed pits, heat exchangers, etc. as preparation for mothballing/storage. Specialty covers – VCI film covers have been used to protect flanges , valves , etc. in harsh environments such as chemical processing plants, offshore platforms, etc ...
Underwater corrosion engineers apply the same principals used in underground corrosion control but use specially trained and certified scuba divers for condition assessment, and corrosion control system installation and commissioning. [23] [24] The main difference being in the type of reference cells used to collect voltage readings.
Dalecarlia Water Treatment Plant, Washington, D.C. Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it appropriate for a specific end-use. The end use may be drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being safely returned to the environment.