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It means Land of Serpents); Portugalensis patrie, Portugalensium patrie and Portugaliae by King Afonso I, Regno Portugalensium and Portugalis (Latin, Medieval); Portugalliae et Algarbiae, Portugalliae, Lusitaniae (Latin); Purtugall (Middle Ages); Burtughāl is the word for Portugal and orange in Arabic (Portuguese influence and expansion ...
Patrick J. Geary agrees, arguing names were adapted to different circumstances by different powers and could convince people of continuity, even if radical discontinuity was the lived reality. [19] Florin Curta cites Medieval Bulgarian nation as another possible example. Danubian Bulgaria was founded in 680-681 as a continuation of Great Bulgaria.
Many place-name adjectives and many demonyms are also used for various other things, sometimes with and sometimes without one or more additional words. (Sometimes, the use of one or more additional words is optional.) Notable examples are cuisines, cheeses, cat breeds, dog breeds, and horse breeds. (See List of words derived from toponyms.)
This "Greek" word is assumed to be a cognate of Latin vitulus ("calf"), although the different length of the i is a problem. The Latin vitulus is presumably derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wet- meaning "year" (hence, a "yearling": a "one-year-old calf"), although the change of e to i is unexplained.
GEONAMES - Countries of the World - The countries of the world in their own languages and scripts, with official names, capitals, flags, coats of arms, administrative divisions, national anthems, and translations of the countries and capitals into many languages.
G4 nations: Brazil, Germany, India, and Japan, four countries which support each other's bids for permanent seats on the United Nations Security Council. Global Governance Group (G3), a group of 30 small to medium member countries which collectively provides representation and input to the G20.
After the Tanzimat reforms from 1839 to 1876, the term "millet" was used to refer to legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word "nation". (The word "millet" comes from the Arabic word "millah" (ملة), which literally means "nation".) [citation needed] The millet system has been called an ...
Nationalism as derived from the noun designating 'nations' is a newer word; in the English language, dating to around 1798. [27] [28] [better source needed] The term gained wider prominence in the 19th century. [29] The term increasingly became negative in its connotations after 1914.