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Subjective well-being (SWB) is a self-reported measure of well-being, typically obtained by questionnaire. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Ed Diener developed a tripartite model of SWB in 1984, which describes how people experience the quality of their lives and includes both emotional reactions and cognitive judgments. [ 3 ]
Diener, also known as Dr. Happiness, is one of the lead researchers in the field of subjective well-being. Subjective well-being (SWB), as Diener et al. define it, is how people evaluate their lives – both at the moment and for longer periods such as for the past year. These evaluations include people's emotional reactions to events, their ...
Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligman's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on authentic happiness and P.E.R.M.A.
[18] In this model, cognitive, affective, and contextual factors contribute to subjective well-being. [19] According to Diener and Suh, subjective well-being is "based on the idea that how each person thinks and feels about his or her life is important." [20] Carol Ryff's six-factor model of psychological well-being was first published in 1989.
Life satisfaction is a key part of subjective well-being. Many factors influence subjective well-being and life satisfaction. Socio-demographic factors include gender, age, marital status, income, and education. Psychosocial factors include health, illness, functional ability, activity level, and social relationships. [9]
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According to Ed Diener's tripartite model, subjective well-being consists of frequent positive affects, infrequent negative affects, and life satisfaction. [108] Models of well-being are frameworks to understand and measure well-being by clarifying its concept and components. [109]
The psychological study of happiness is referred to as subjective well-being. Researchers are principally interested in the measurement, causes and consequences of being happy. Biswas-Diener has contributed to the study of happiness principally through his investigations of the well-being of groups traditionally overlooked by psychologists.