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N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is an organic compound consisting of a 5-membered lactam.It is a colorless liquid, although impure samples can appear yellow. It is miscible with water and with most common organic solvents.
Maintaining optimal pH is important for the removal of phosphorus from water. Phosphorus is most effectively removed at the neutral pH range, when the insoluble aluminum hydroxide is present. This hydroxide functions as a Lewis acid , [ 5 ] creating a flocculation environment similar to conventional wastewater treatment.
A common example is phosphoric acid, which additionally converts some iron oxide into an inert layer of ferric phosphate. [3] Most of the rust converters contain special additives. [4] They support the rust transformation and improve the wetting of the surface. Applied rust converter
In biochemistry, dephosphorylation is the removal of a phosphate (PO 3− 4) group from an organic compound by hydrolysis. It is a reversible post-translational modification . Dephosphorylation and its counterpart, phosphorylation , activate and deactivate enzymes by detaching or attaching phosphoric esters and anhydrides .
Branched polyphosphoric acids give similarly branched polyphosphate anions. The simplest example of this is triphosphono phosphate [OP(OPO 3) 3] 9− and its partially dissociated versions. The general formula for such (non-cyclic) polyphosphate anions, linear or branched, is [H n+2−k P n O 3n+1] k−, where the charge k may vary from 1 to n + 2.
One formulation is (by weight) lactic acid 12–18%, gluconic acid 2.50–3.75%, lauramine oxide 1.50–3.25%, with the remainder being water. [3] The product also contained phosphoric acid at one time, [citation needed] but it is now phosphate-free.