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Abandoned mine shafts in Marl, Germany A plan-view schematic of a mine shaft showing cage and skip compartments. Services may be housed in either of the four open compartments. Shaft mining or shaft sinking is the action of excavating a mine shaft from the top down, where there is initially no access to the bottom. [1]
Headframe of the #1 Shaft at Oyuu Tolgoi. A steel headframe is less expensive than a concrete headframe; the tallest steel headframe measures 87 m. [4] Steel headframes are more adaptable to modifications (making any construction errors easier to remedy), and are considerably lighter, requiring less substantial foundations.
The Magny shaft under construction, with the wooden headframe of the ventilation shaft and a second (temporary) chimney. Between 1856 and 1859, the Société civile des houillères de Ronchamp drilled the Pré de la Cloche borehole to the north of the future Magny shaft, revealing a layer 1.20 meters thick at a depth of 650 meters.
Cart from 16th century, found in Transylvania A dumper minecart used in the Basque Country, currently at the Minery Museum.. A minecart, mine cart, or mine car (or more rarely mine trolley or mine hutch) is a type of rolling stock found on a mine railway, used for transporting ore and materials procured in the process of traditional mining.
This also increased the cost of the whole project (including sinking the mineshafts) from £3.6 billion to £4.2 billion. [47] The increase in diameter has also led to a slower progress rate than before; the TBMs tunnelling would be reduced from covering 66 feet (20 m) to 56 feet (17 m) per day. [48]
Schematic of underground mine ventilation The mine ventilation fan, before 1908. Underground mine ventilation provides a flow of air to the underground workers of a mine with sufficient volume to dilute and remove dust and noxious gases (typically NO x, SO 2, methane, CO 2 and CO) and to regulate temperature.
Shaft No. 2 with the old hoist house, c1906 Quincy Mine No. 2 Hoist House, 2006 Quincy Mine No. 2 Hoist House, 1978. The Quincy Mining Company was first organized in 1846, [4] and incorporated two years later, to mine the then-recently discovered Portage Lake copper formations. [2]
The Bruce Mine Headframe is the headframe of a former underground mine in Chisholm, Minnesota, United States.It was built 1925–26 and operated until the mine closed in the early 1940s. [2]