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Elephant Trunk robotic arm. Snake-arm robots are also described as continuum robots and elephant's trunk robots although these descriptions are restrictive in their definitions and cannot be applied to all snake-arm robots. A continuum robot is a continuously curving manipulator, much like the arm of an octopus.
Additional degrees of freedom allow to change the configuration of some link on the arm (e.g., elbow up/down), while keeping the robot hand in the same pose. Inverse kinematics is the mathematical process to calculate the configuration of an arm, typically in terms of joint angles, given a desired pose of the robot hand in three dimensional space.
To fully control the orientation of the end of the arm(i.e. the wrist) three more axes (yaw, pitch, and roll) are required. Some designs (e.g. the SCARA robot) trade limitations in motion possibilities for cost, speed, and accuracy. Degrees of freedom – this is usually the same as the number of axes.
An articulated robot is a robot with rotary joints [citation needed] that has 6 or more Degrees of Freedom. This is one of the most commonly used robots in industry today (many examples can be found from legged robots or industrial robots). Articulated robots can range from simple 6 Degree of Freedom structures to systems with 10 or more ...
Its shape resembles industrial robots of the 1980s, though it is strictly user-controlled, with no automation built in. The arm has six degrees of freedom: wrist rotation (unlimited), vertical wrist flexing, horizontal elbow bending, shoulder horizontal rotation (unlimited), shoulder elevation, and the opening (releasing) and closing (grasping ...
When fully extended the arm has a total length of 11.3 m (37 ft), and can reach 9.7 metres (32 ft) and has 7 degrees of freedom. [4] It has a mass of 630 kilograms (1,390 lb) and can hold a total payload mass of 8,000 kilograms (18,000 lb). [ 5 ]
A continuum robot is a type of robot that is characterised by infinite degrees of freedom and number of joints. [citation needed] These characteristics allow continuum manipulators to adjust and modify their shape at any point along their length, granting them the possibility to work in confined spaces and complex environments where standard rigid-link robots cannot operate. [1]
Since 2011, over 200 academic institutions worldwide have made use of the robot, including the University of Hertfordshire and their Bold Hearts RoboCup Team, the Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, the University of Tokyo, [7] the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, [12] Saudi Arabia's King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, University of South Wales and Montana ...