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Medicine is the science [1] and practice [2] of caring for patients, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or disease, and promoting their health. Medicine encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness.
Unani medicine, based on Avicenna's Canon of Medicine (ca. 1025), was developed in India throughout the Medieval and Early Modern periods. Its use continued, especially in Muslim communities, during the Indian Sultanate and Mughal periods. Unani medicine is in some respects close to Ayurveda and to Early Modern European medicine.
The following is a table of drugs organized by their year of discovery. Naturally occurring chemicals in plants, including alkaloids, have been used since pre-history.In the modern era, plant-based drugs have been isolated, purified and synthesised anew.
Medicinal plants are used with the intention of maintaining health, to be administered for a specific condition, or both, whether in modern medicine or in traditional medicine. [ 4 ] [ 48 ] The Food and Agriculture Organization estimated in 2002 that over 50,000 medicinal plants are used across the world. [ 49 ]
Allopathic medicine or allopathy is a pejorative term used by proponents of alternative medicine to refer to modern scientific systems of medicine, [86] such as the use of pharmacologically active agents or physical interventions to treat or suppress symptoms or pathophysiologic processes of diseases or conditions.
The oldest known medical prescription text was found at Ebla, in modern Syria, and dates back to around 2500 BCE. [43] [44] [45] Modern prescriptions are actually extemporaneous prescriptions (from the Latin ex tempore, 'at/from the time'), [46] meaning that the prescription is written on the spot for a specific patient with a specific ailment ...
Variously described by modern scholars as Father of Anatomy; Father of Physiology; Father of Embryology; Father of Psychology; Creator of Psychiatry; Founder of Gynecology; and as the Father of Medicine itself. [9] There is little evidence to support the claims but he is, nonetheless, important. [8] [10] fl. 425 BC – Diogenes of Apollonia [8]
Biomedicine is the cornerstone of modern health care and laboratory diagnostics.It concerns a wide range of scientific and technological approaches: from in vitro diagnostics [7] [8] to in vitro fertilisation, [9] from the molecular mechanisms of cystic fibrosis to the population dynamics of the HIV virus, from the understanding of molecular interactions to the study of carcinogenesis, [10 ...