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Hydrogen and helium are the most commonly used lift gases. Although helium is twice as heavy as (diatomic) hydrogen, they are both significantly lighter than air. Thus helium is almost twice as dense as hydrogen. The lifting power in air of hydrogen and helium can be calculated using the theory of buoyancy.
Lifting gas is generally hydrogen, helium or hot air. Hydrogen gives the highest lift 1.1 kg/m 3 (0.069 lb/cu ft) and is inexpensive and easily obtained, but is highly flammable and can detonate if mixed with air. Helium is completely non flammable, but gives lower performance-1.02 kg/m 3 (0.064 lb/cu ft) and is a rare element [33] and much ...
Using the molar volume, the mass of 1 liter of helium (at 1 atmospheres of pressure) is found to be 0.178 g. If helium is used instead of vacuum, the lifting power of every litre is reduced by 0.178 g, so the effective lift is reduced by 13.90625%. A 1-litre volume of hydrogen has a mass of 0.090 g, reducing the effective lift by 7.03125%.
Hydrogen also increased lift by about 8%. After the Hindenburg disaster Eckener vowed to never use hydrogen again in a passenger airship. He planned to use helium for the second ship and went to Washington, D.C. , to personally lobby President Roosevelt , who promised to supply the helium only for peaceful purposes.
It banned the export of helium, for which the US was the only important source, thus forcing foreign airships to use hydrogen lift gas. [1] The Act empowered the United States Department of the Interior and United States Bureau of Mines with the jurisdiction for the experimentation, production , repurification, and research of the lighter than ...
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Unlike semi-rigid and rigid airships (e.g. Zeppelins), blimps rely on the pressure of their lifting gas (usually helium, rather than flammable hydrogen) and the strength of the envelope to maintain their shape. Blimps are known for their use in advertising, surveillance, and observation due to their maneuverability, slow speeds and steady ...
2013 Tokyo Motor Show - Toyota Fuel Cell Vehicle (FCV) Concept. Photo: Toyota. Internal combustion engine, or ICE, vehicles have been around for a while. Unfortunately, gasoline consumption is ...