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The std::string class is the standard representation for a text string since C++98. The class provides some typical string operations like comparison, concatenation, find and replace, and a function for obtaining substrings. An std::string can be constructed from a C-style string, and a C-style string can also be obtained from one. [7]
Provides a modern way of formatting strings including std::format. <string> Provides the C++ standard string classes and templates. <string_view> Added in C++17. Provides class template std::basic_string_view, an immutable non-owning view to any string. <regex> Added in C++11. Provides utilities for pattern matching strings using regular ...
String functions are used in computer programming languages to manipulate a string or query information about a string (some do both).. Most programming languages that have a string datatype will have some string functions although there may be other low-level ways within each language to handle strings directly.
But it comes with a performance penalty for string literals, as std::string usually allocates memory dynamically, and must copy the C-style string literal to it at run time. Before C++11, there was no literal for C++ strings (C++11 allows "this is a C++ string"s with the s at the end of the literal), so the normal constructor syntax was used ...
A string is defined as a contiguous sequence of code units terminated by the first zero code unit (often called the NUL code unit). [1] This means a string cannot contain the zero code unit, as the first one seen marks the end of the string. The length of a string is the number of code units before the zero code unit. [1]
The distinct values are stored in a string intern pool. The single copy of each string is called its intern and is typically looked up by a method of the string class, for example String.intern() [2] in Java. All compile-time constant strings in Java are automatically interned using this method. [3]
The length of a string can be stored implicitly by using a special terminating character; often this is the null character (NUL), which has all bits zero, a convention used and perpetuated by the popular C programming language. [11] Hence, this representation is commonly referred to as a C string.
C++11 also introduces std::make_shared (std::make_unique was introduced in C++14) to safely allocate dynamic memory in the RAII paradigm. [ 10 ] A shared_ptr is a container for a raw pointer .