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Animation showing an application of the Euclidean algorithm to find the greatest common divisor of 62 and 36, which is 2. A more efficient method is the Euclidean algorithm , a variant in which the difference of the two numbers a and b is replaced by the remainder of the Euclidean division (also called division with remainder ) of a by b .
d() is the number of positive divisors of n, including 1 and n itself; σ() is the sum of the positive divisors of n, including 1 and n itselfs() is the sum of the proper divisors of n, including 1 but not n itself; that is, s(n) = σ(n) − n
The first: 4, 8, 9, 16, 25, 27, 32, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100 (sequence A001597 in the OEIS). 1 is sometimes included. A powerful number (also called squareful ) has multiplicity above 1 for all prime factors.
16, 22, 34, 36, 46, 56, 64, 66, 70, 76, 78, 86, 88, ... The length of an interval of consecutive integers with property that every element has a factor in common with one of the endpoints. A059756
For if the algorithm requires N steps, then b is greater than or equal to F N+1 which in turn is greater than or equal to φ N−1, where φ is the golden ratio. Since b ≥ φ N−1, then N − 1 ≤ log φ b. Since log 10 φ > 1/5, (N − 1)/5 < log 10 φ log φ b = log 10 b. Thus, N ≤ 5 log 10 b.
This representation is commonly extended to all positive integers, including 1, by the convention that the empty product is equal to 1 (the empty product corresponds to k = 0). This representation is called the canonical representation [10] of n, or the standard form [11] [12] of n. For example, 999 = 3 3 ×37, 1000 = 2 3 ×5 3, 1001 = 7×11×13.
A list of articles about numbers (not about numerals). Topics include powers of ten, notable integers, prime and cardinal numbers, and the myriad system.
Here the greatest common divisor of 0 and 0 is taken to be 0.The integers x and y are called Bézout coefficients for (a, b); they are not unique.A pair of Bézout coefficients can be computed by the extended Euclidean algorithm, and this pair is, in the case of integers one of the two pairs such that | x | ≤ | b/d | and | y | ≤ | a/d |; equality occurs only if one of a and b is a multiple ...