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Max Ernst, The Elephant Celebes, 1921. The word surrealism was first coined in March 1917 by Guillaume Apollinaire. [10] He wrote in a letter to Paul Dermée: "All things considered, I think in fact it is better to adopt surrealism than supernaturalism, which I first used" [Tout bien examiné, je crois en effet qu'il vaut mieux adopter surréalisme que surnaturalisme que j'avais d'abord employé].
Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, Marquess of Dalí of Púbol [b] [a] gcYC (11 May 1904 – 23 January 1989), known as Salvador Dalí (/ ˈ d ɑː l i, d ɑː ˈ l iː / DAH-lee, dah-LEE; [2] Catalan: [səlβəˈðo ðəˈli]; Spanish: [salβaˈðoɾ ðaˈli]), [c] was a Spanish surrealist artist renowned for his technical skill, precise draftsmanship, and the striking and ...
Apollinaire is considered one of the foremost poets of the early 20th century, as well as one of the most impassioned defenders of Cubism and a forefather of Surrealism. He is credited with coining the term "Cubism" [ 1 ] in 1911 to describe the emerging art movement , the term Orphism in 1912, and the term "Surrealism" in 1917 to describe the ...
Kurt Leopold Seligmann (20 July 1900, Basel – 2 January 1962, Sugar Loaf) was a Swiss-American Surrealist painter, engraver, and occultist. [1] He was known for his fantastic imagery of medieval troubadors and knights in macabre rituals and inspired by the carnival held annually in his native Basel, Switzerland. [2]
The affluence of Fukuzawa's family permitted him to study European art in France between 1924 and 1931. [7] Paris was the nexus from which Fukuzawa found inspiration in European Surrealism, mainly through Max Ernst's collage series La Femme 100 Tetes (1929) and the paintings of Giorgio de Chirico.
According to Breton's biographer, Volker Zotz, the exhibition of 1947 did not, however, have the same effect as its Parisian forerunner in 1938 and was criticised for being too exclusive. He described post-war Surrealism as an "esoteric circle", while many pieces which had their origin in its roots had achieved world-wide recognition.
Calanda, Spain. Buñuel was born on 22 February 1900 in Calanda, a small town in the Aragon region of Spain. [16]: pp.16–17 His father was Leonardo Buñuel, also a native of Calanda, who had left home at age 14 to start a hardware business in Havana, Cuba, ultimately amassing a fortune and returning home to Calanda at the age of 43, in 1898. [17]
His compelling and mysterious paintings are considered instrumental to the early beginnings of Surrealism. Song of Love (1914) is one of the most famous works by de Chirico and is an early example of the surrealist style, though it was painted ten years before the movement was "founded" by André Breton in 1924.